Taqi al-Din Ahmad al-Maqrizi (766-845 H) was a prominent Egyptian historian who wrote widely on various issues of Islamic and particularly Egyptian history and culture. In his various researches, he worked on different aspects of the history of the Fatimid Caliphs, from the fourth to sixth centuries Hijri. In his al-Khitat and Ette'aaz al-Honafa, he explored the administrative and cultural system of Egypt and their development, providing the reader with valuable and first-hand information about the history of Egypt, under the Fatimids. In this paper, the author examines certain factors that may have influenced Maqrizi's account of history, such as his connections and sympathy with Ismaili Fatimid Caliphs. Maqrizi's used first hand sources of the Ismaili faith, but so far as the complexity of their teachings allowed him; and when anti-Fatimid feelings of his own time rose, he did not follow his works on the Fatimid caliphate and the Ismaili movement. Having a critical approach, the translator of this paper, whose original title is "Maqrizi and the Fatimids", explains more extensively some important points that are mentioned by the author only briefly.

Emphasizing the the imminent return of Christ and focusing on missionary activities and maximum absorption, the Pentecostal movement came to the fore in the early twentieth century. But decades later, due to the non-fulfillment of their prediction, they focused on the global, social culture issues. Church building, localization of churches and their leadership, cultural orientationism are among their cultural approaches as helping poor, paying attention to youth and their leadership in churches, urban and street advertising along with taking part in public affairs are among the most important social approaches of Pentecostalism. Using data analysis method and focusing on the Pentecostal written sources, this paper seeks to introduce the Pentecostal missionary social-cultural approaches and their challenges and problems such as Church building, leadership among the Pentecost and ignoring the elite communities.

Missionary has been an important element from the very beginning of Christian History, according to New Testament's narrations, it began with the activities of Jesus and his disciples. As a result of the early Apostles' activities Christianity gradually became more and more popular, and finally, in fourth century, became the formal religion of the Roman Empire. At the same time, monasticism developed among Christian community. Saint Benedict (d c 547) was one the important figures in Christian monasticism and his mystical order practice an influential effect in the growth of Christian spirituality. Gregory, a follower of Benedictine tradition, was appointed as a Pope and had a crucial influence on the spread of Christianity. In 597 C. E. he sent Augustine of Canterbury along with forty monks of Saint Andrew's monastery to the Britain. By combination of monastic rules with the Church teachings they succeeded to spread Christianity among the British pagans.

Nature has aesthetics of its own, what can provoke the human mind into better recognizing the concept of beauty via mental perception. As such, human mind can interact with the nonverbal expressions of nature only to better his/her primitive aesthetic knowledge and reach a more novel recognition of aestheticism via the practice of interpretative deduction. This article has been the result of a series of discussions and dialogues between the authors on the nature of aesthetic geotouring and exploring the natural phenomena based on the Dialectical Method of Socrates and modelled after the Platonic dialogues. The outcome of this dialectic study brings to light the fact that touring in nature through providing the due opportunity for mental perception of aesthetic phenomena can provide a clearer definition of ‘beauty’ in its rich variety. Aesthetic search as such will culminate in forming a more illuminated mental concept of beauty in mind, what can influence human rationale for aesthetic judgment and enrich even more the texture of human aesthetic creation. Such aesthetico-interpretative endeavor might lead to a higher potential for creating more original works of literature and art and culminate in a better judgment about such aesthetic creations.

This article begins with a discussion of social approaches to. propagation as an introduction to the study of propagation in the Qurān and the practice of Prophet Muhammad. Thus, a comparative study can be done of the social approaches to propagation and the Islamic point of view about the issue based on the Qurān and practice of the Prophet. As a missionary religion, Islam pays particular attention to the issue of propagation. Many verses of the Qurān deal with the subject directly or indirectly. Propagation as a responsibility of the public, the scope of propagation, methods and regulations that should govern propagation, perseverance in propagation limits and restrictions of propagation are subjects discussed in the Qurān implicitly and/or explicitly. Moreover, some considerable notes can be obtained in this regard through studying the practice of Prophet Muhammad as the first and greatest person who propagated Islam. In this connection, the first three years of the Prophet"s mission, known as the era of hidden mission, are dealt with in this article.

Since the advent of Islam, Christianity has conducted its different missionary (annunciation) activities in relation to this religion. In this regard, we can refer to reactionary, assaulting, cultural and dialectical approaches. The present paper was conducted with the aim of elaborating on the missionary positions of Vatican, and investigates the claim that Church has used different approaches to conduct its missionary activities in Islamic societies. A documentary-analytical method is used in this research. It is a sort of intermission which shows that the process of dialog among religions, especially between Islam and Christianity, is a critical and complex process, and makes us to deeply understand this dialog in the form of propagation and missionary. This issue is of great importance for scholars, administrators and policy makers of this dialog.

Promotion has an important role in introducing, publishing and maintaining each school, ensuring the continuity of the principles and principles of each school and its followers. The purpose of the present study is to explain the necessity of advertising and to explain the role of appropriate characteristics of the amount in his success. The amount must have these features in the form of Ahl al-Bayt (AS). One of the results of this descriptive and analytical study is that there are several reasons why it is necessary to propagate and introduce the true face of Islam, including: 1. The cultural invasion that has characterized the Islamic lifestyle. 2. Plot of great powers to show the dreaded face of Islam and create Islamophobia. 3. The emergence of extremist and violent groups that have tarnished the image of Islamic mercy; To try. Success in advertising requires having the right features and using the right methods. If the ad lacks the necessary features and conditions, advertising will have a detrimental effect, given that the prophets and imams, including Imam Reza ( A. They have been promoting the work, their features and the methods they have used for advertising are very helpful and helpful. Dialogue plays an important role in propaganda, and if the principles and conditions are met, dialogue can prevent much violence and bloodshed.

Objective: In many countries, the advancements in information technologies and the decentralized computing method has inspired hope to take advantage of modern information technologies, such as artificial intelligence, in order to overcome the unique challenges in global health including the coronavirus crisis. The following study tries to examine the possible future scenarios in the industry, with the aim of discovering new opportunities to increase health and quality of life.Findings: Considering the research literature, seventeen drivers, which had affected the research in three dimensions, were identified and the Delphi method was used for the accuracy of confirmation, their rankings and for the calculation of their certainty. The relationships between the drivers and the identified dimensions were measured and confirmed in the form of hypotheses and model presentations by structural equation methods. Using the cross-matrix method, five drivers were identified as risk and goal. Finally, through the identification of uncertainty and risk and goal drivers, four scenarios were developed.Conclusion: Conclusion: The treatment structure and medical equipment influenced by COVID-19 pandemic conditions and due to the growth rate, optimal and intelligent application of modern digital technologies creates a wide-ranging evolution in this field and illustrates the possibility of achieving a desired future by taking advantage of the scenario of the formation of an interconnected global society and the realization of global health in the interaction of artificial intelligence drivers, novel production demands, sanctions, internet of things (IoT) and blockchain.

The ancient city of Rayy is a symbol of the social and cultural life of Iran prior to the arrival of the Mongols. The economic, cultural, and social flourishing of this city during the Islamic era led the city to be mentioned under different names, including the Bride of Cities, Om-al-Belad, and Sheykh Al-Belad in some historical sources. “ The Book of Rayy: From Its Origins to the Mongol Invasion an Archaeological and Historiographical Study” is about the latest archaeological studies and the urbanization history of the ancient city of Rayy. The book which is written by Roco Rante with cooperation of Ghadir Afrund, was published by Brill Holand Publications in 2014. This book, which combines archaeological data resulted from two seasons of archaeological excavations in 2006 and 2007 in Rashkan Castle of Rayy with historical texts, provides the readers with valuable information on archeology, history, and urbanization of Rayy in ancient times. However, like any other scientific work, the book has some shortcomings which will be discussed in the present article.

Introduction: When the organizational ideology of an organization becomes very strong, it can affect the entire structure; and finally, there is a structure that is called the missionary (mission-oriented) structure. Therefore, the current research was carried out with the aim of identifying the components of missionary organizations. Methods: Method: In order to achieve this goal, In the qualitative phase, while reviewing the subject literature through Thematic Analysis approach, and semi-in-depth interviews of 15 experts who were professors and managers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected by non-random sampling method; To measure the validity of the themes and validation, through data angle and to calculate the reliability of the Holsty method, which were confirmed with a coefficient of 0.98. And with the use of MAXQDA No. 12 software, effective criteria on missionary organizations were identified. Results: Qualitative data analysis led to the formation of fifty-one basic themes and eleven organizing themes and three overarching themes including configuration components, content components and structural components. Conclusion: The results showed that the criterion of organizational ideology is one of the basic criteria and key players, which is necessary and should be taken into account in the organization of the missionary organizations.